Article 1181

Article 1181
Sa mga obligasyon condisyonal, ang pagtatamo ng karapatan, pati na rin ang pagtapos o 
kawala ng mga natamong karapatan  ay nakasalalay sa mga pangyayari ng mga kaganapan na bumubuo ng kundisyon.
Case Digest by: kristine Mariano

Case:PARKS VS. PROVINCE OF TARLAC (G.R. No. L-24190 )    

 July 13, 1926   

GEORGE L. PARKS, plaintiff-appellant, 
vs.
PROVINCE OF TARLAC, MUNICIPALITY OF TARLAC, CONCEPCION CIRER, and JAMES HILL, her husband, defendants-appellees.

FACTS:

In 1910, Concepcion Cirer and James Hill donated parcels of land to the municipality of Tarlac on the condition that it be used absolutely and exclusively for the erection of a central school and public parks, the work to commence within six months. The president of the municipality of Tarlac accepted and registered the donation.

In 1921, Cirer and Hill sold the same property to George L. Parks.

Later on the, the municipality of Tarlac transferred their rights in the property to the Province of Tarlac.
Parks filed a complaint seeking the annulment of the donation and asking that he be declared the absolute owner of the property. Parks allege that the conditions of the donation were not complied with.

ISSUE:

Whether or not the donation was coupled with a condition precedent? W/N the action to revoke has prescribed?

HELD:

No. The condition to erect a school within six months is not a condition precedent. The characteristic of a condition precedent is that the acquisiito of the right is not effected while said condition is mot complied with or is not deemed complied with. Meanwhile nothing is acquired and there is only an expectancy of a right. Consequently, when a condition is imposed, the compliance of which cannot be effected except when the right is deemed acquired, such condition cannot be a condition precedent. In the present case the condition that a public school be erected and a public park be made of the donated land could not be complied with except after giving effect to the donation.

The action to revoke the donation has prescribed. The prescriptive periods are: 5 years for the revocation by the subsequent birth of children, 1 year if by reason of ingratitude. If no special period is prescribed, 10 years, for an onerous donation following the law of contracts and general rules on prescriptions. The donation was made in 1910, the cause of action accrued in 1911, while the action to revoke was filed 1924, twenty three years later.